经过近几年的快速发展，全球3D打印产业正在迎来"3.0时代"。目前，3D打印产业作为重要新兴产业在国内市场得到大力扶持。与此同时，国外3D打印巨头纷纷进军中国市场。为此，OFweek3D打印网独家专访了德国EOS公司大中华区总经理吴承轩，以下为采访文字实录：

德国EOS公司大中华区总经理吴承轩

　　1、近期《国家增材制造产业发展推进计划(2015-2016年)》以及《中国制造2025》的相继出台，您认为对于3D打印产业将会起到怎样的推动作用？目前国内3D打印产业还处在什么阶段？

　　（The domestic 3D Printing industry is still at very early stages of growth and development. The release of the national policy by the central government will certainly have an impact on propelling the industry forward by attracting resources and developments efforts from the government， academia and private sectors. The next big question is how to best allocate those resources to the best use in a concerted and meaningful way and avoid any waste.）

　　吴承轩：目前，国内3D打印行业仍处于成长和发展的早期阶段。中央政府颁布的国家政策对推动行业发展将起到积极作用，因为这将吸引来自政府，学术界和私营部门的资源向其倾斜。接下来的问题则是如何合理地分配这些资源，从而避免浪费。

　　2、本届展会上，EOS重点展示了哪些产品？和其他同类型产品相比，在性能及品质上有何优势？

　　（At this year's show EOS joined forces with our worldwide partner Materialise from Belgium and one of the hottests design company in China right now called Xuberance， a design company which leverages digital design and 3D Printing technologies. The idea is to show the entire process chain for 3D Printing starting with design， and data preparation， followed by production with EOS technology and post processing. The the outcome of such process can be something as beautiful and eyecatching as the design pieces from Xuberance.）

　　吴承轩：本届展会EOS联合了我们全球合作伙伴，来自比利时的Materialise以及中国当前最火的一家设计公司极致盛放，共同展示数字化设计和3D打印技术优势。我们希望能向现场观众展现3D打印整个过程链，从设计和数据准备，到利用EOS技术制作以及后期处理。通过这样的过程出来的3D打印成品，正如极致盛放设计的那样美丽和引人注目。

　　3、EOS致力于将增材制造从单纯的快速原型生产到真正的生产技术转变，在这过程中还有哪些挑战？如何克服增材制造的高成本问题？

　　（The path from Rapid Prototyping to Rapid Manufacturing is a long process， but the technology as it is now already show great promise in certain industries， when the application is right. Additive Manufacturing is a new way of making things which can be applied in every industry. One challenge is for the manufacturers to get to know the capabilities of this technology and how it may be applied in their own industry and benefit them in what way. On the topic of "cost"， to say that AM always bear "high cost" is a misconception. If the application is right， the cost of making things using AM is actually cheaper than conventional manufacturing methods. Dental copings is a great example. A metal AM system can print up to 400 units of copings per day at costs comparable to conventional lost wax casting process， with reduced labor and utility costs， and more importantly， mass production is achieved with 100% customization.）

　　吴承轩：快速原型到快速制造是一个漫长的过程，但只要应用得当，该技术已在一些行业中展露出不错的潜力。增材制造是一种新型的制造方式，它能制造出适用于各行各业的产品。目前，生产商所面临的其中一个挑战是了解这项技术的性能，以及如何应用在各自行业并从中获益。

　　对于“成本”这个话题，“增材制造成本高”的说法是一个种误解。只要应用得当，使用增材制造进行生产实际上比传统制造方法更便宜。齿科模型就是一个很好的例子。与常规的蜡模铸造工艺相比，一个金属增材制造系统每天可以打印至少400个牙齿模型，节省了人力和水电开支。更重要的是，增材制造能实现100％全定制。

　　4、目前EOS在国内应用市场主要集中在哪些领域？在市场开拓方面有哪些经验分享？您如何看待3D打印技术应用难的问题？

　　（We currently have a wide install base ranging from aerospace， medical， dental， tooling， automotive， industrial， consumer goods， jewelry， service providers， universities and research institutes. We work closely with our channel partners to develop the market and make sure our end customers understand the technology as it is today， good or bad， and make the best use of it. 3D Printing or Additive Manufacturing is all about identifying the right applications， then working in conjunction with traditional manufacturing to produce the final product better faster and cheaper. In term of the challenges of application development， this is expected for any new manufacturing technology trying to make it to the mainstream. By working together with our partners and our customer together， I am sure we can overcome the barrier.）

　　吴承轩：目前我们已有广泛的客户基础，其中涵盖航空航天、医疗、牙科、模具、汽车、工业、消费品、珠宝、服务提供商、大学和研究机构等领域。我们与渠道合作伙伴共同开发市场，确保终端客户了解该技术最新进展并得到充分利用。

　　3D打印和增材制造无非就是寻找最合适的应用方法来更快地生产更好和更便宜的产品。任何试图成为主流的新型制造技术都面临着应用开发的挑战。相信通过与合作伙伴以及客户合作，我们可以克服这个障碍。

　　5、随着产业发展，3D打印进入3.0时代，您认为3D打印未来发展方向是什么？如何与大数据、云计算、物联网、智能材料以及机器人等先进技术融合？

　　（The future of 3D printing， and when I say 3 Printing， I mean industrial 3D Printing because that is all EOS is focused on， is to enter the production floor as one of the mainstream manufacturing techniques， like CNC is today. Today， 3D Printing machines are "islands of production"， in the future， it will have to communicate to the manufacturing control system such as MES or shop floor control systems and become "integrated" as one step in the entire manufacturing process flow. This requires new IT setups， open interfaces and much higher degree of automation. And when the entire factory floor is integrated and automated， then we can begin realize the possibilities and benefits of real "intelligent" manufacturing.）

　　吴承轩：EOS只专注于工业3D打印，该技术未来将作为主流制造技术之一进入生产车间，如同今天的数控技术一般。

　　目前，3D打印机独立而零散。而在将来，它们将与生产控制系统如MES或车间控制系统相连，通过“整合”成为整个制造流程的一个步骤。这就需要新的IT设置，开放式接口和更高的自动化程度。当整个工厂实现集成和自动化，我们就能真正体会到“智能”制造的可能性和好处。